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Nerve damage causes prolonged Covid-19 condition

Small study shows treatment patient with immunotherapy targeting neuropathy can improve symptoms Covid-19 prolonged.

That the scientist and doctors continue to grapple with persistent Covid-19 in many patients, a post-viral condition characterized by persistent symptoms. It is not yet clear exactly what causes persistent Covid-19, how long it can last, and perhaps most importantly, how to treat the disease in the long term.

Study lead author Anne Louise Oaklander from the Department of Neurology at MGH said that as the acute impact of Covid-19 begins to subside worldwide, understanding how to treat Covid-19 in the long term will become increasingly difficult. more important. The overall prevalence of the condition is unclear but it is thought that 10 to 30 percent of people with Covid-19 may experience symptoms that last more than three months.

Oaklander said: “This is one of the first papers to look at the causes of persistent Covid-19 conditions, which will gradually become more important as acute Covid-19 subsides. Our findings suggest sequelae. In some patients with prolonged Covid-19 infection, peripheral nerves fiber damage and fibrillar cell damage have been reported.

The new study followed 17 patients with some persistent Covid-19 symptoms. Researchers evaluated patients for a condition called peripheral neuropathy, a type of nerve damage that primarily presents with arm or leg pain, weakness, fatigue, and altered sensation.

The study found that 59% of patients with post-Covid-19 syndrome were clinically diagnosed with peripheral neuropathy. More importantly, the researchers found that treating some patients with immunotherapy used to target inflammatory neuropathy led to improvement in symptoms.

Oaklander points out that not all patients respond to neuropathy treatment, and some patients improve spontaneously without any type of immunotherapy. Therefore, he suspects that not all cases of prolonged post-Covid-19 sequelae are characterized by this type of nerve damage.

However, the patient can consult a neurologist if the symptoms do not show signs of improvement.

Oaklander shared: “Research from our team and others clarifies what types of post-Covid-19 neuropathy are and the best way to diagnose and treat them. Most of the protracted Covid-19 neuropathy has been explained as a result of the immune system’s response to the virus going awry.”

Some patients have seen improvement after applying standard treatments for immune-related neuropathy.

Vagus nerve disorders are a manifestation of a prolonged post-Covid-19 condition

The MGH findings are not the first to suggest that certain types of neurological impairment may play a role in prolonged post-Covid-19 pathology. Another group of researchers is scheduled to speak at the European Congress of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases next month and present evidence that dysfunction in the vagus nerve may be a key point of the prolonged Covid-19 situation.

The vagus nerve is the longest nerve in the human body, extending from the brain to the heart and intestines. It plays an important role in regulating various vital body functions, from controlling heart rate to managing digestion.

The new study initially enrolled a cohort of 348 patients with persistent post-Covid-19 sequelae and found 66% had symptoms of vagus nerve dysfunction (VND). A smaller group of 22 patients with symptomatic VND was carefully studied, and ultrasonography revealed that a quarter of these patients had marked changes in the vagus nerve.

Research: Nerve damage causes prolonged Covid-19 condition - Photo 1.

Researchers hypothesize that prolonged post-Covid-19-associated inflammation causes vagus nerve dysfunction. This is the source of a number of prolonged post-Covid-19 symptoms including digestive problems and respiratory distress.

In this review of trials, most of the subjects with persistent post-Covid-19 sequelae with symptoms of vagus nerve dysfunction experienced various clinically relevant, structural, and clinically relevant changes, structure or function to the vagus nerve, including nerve thickening, dysphagia, and symptoms of dyspnea.

The researchers said in a statement: “Our findings to date suggest that vagus nerve dysfunction is a major physiological feature of persistent post-Covid-19 sequelae.”

The new findings are helpful, but more clinical studies will be needed to find effective ways to treat prolonged post-Covid-19 symptoms, said researcher David Strain of the University of Exeter. Strain agrees that some of the remaining Covid-19 symptoms may be related to the direct effects of Covid-19 on the nervous system, but he does not believe that the post-Covid-19 sequelae effects are actually related to the nervous system. no.

People who are prone to nerve damage are at the greatest risk of developing persistent post-Covid-19 symptoms. In this case, these observations tell us a little more than the nerve damage from Covid-19. But the consequences will be more serious, especially in those with prolonged post-Covid-19 sequelae.

Chemotherapy has been shown to be effective against vagus nerve dysfunction, providing relief from symptoms. However, patients are still at risk of developing symptoms when treatment is stopped.

The study was recently published in the journal Neurology: Neuroimmunology & Neuroinflammation.

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