“The brain is a quantum computer that creates mathematical illusions on its own”
Let’s take a simple test, answer the following questions quickly:
What is 4+5 equal to?
What is 5+4 equal to?
Blindfolded, can you remember the answer to the first question?
If the answer is still 9 to all of the above questions, then you have successfully performed a series of complex brain functions. The act of doing math by doing a test affects multiple parts of the brain at the same time, while demonstrating your ability to recall previously entered data.
The series of actions may be ridiculously simple, but it’s still a great achievement accomplished by the most complex computing machine in the universe. And based on some new research published by a team of scientists at the University of Bonn and the University of Tübingen, the simple tests you did at the beginning of the article show that you are a quantum computer, solving the problem. get a list of many “complex” math operations.
Counting is math anyway
Most likely, your brain isn’t made for math. Although it solves math very well, the concept of “numbers” is an artificial concept, and considering the length of history, numbers and math are still very new. Our ancestors walked the earth for 300,000 years, but new numbers first appeared in Mesopotamia 6,000 years ago.
On a hyena bone, a Neanderthal made a deliberate indentation. Is this how they count something?
Prehistoric humans still needed to count. Apparently, they couldn’t forget the number of descendants they were born with just because they didn’t know the order of the Arabic numerals. They have other ways to keep track of numbers, maybe as simple as spreading their fingers out. When the number to be counted exceeds the number of fingers on the limbs, a handful of pebbles will represent all members of the tribe.
Our brains don’t care what counting we use, what concept to describe quantity, what words to represent plural. It only knows how to do math, simple as that.
Dig deep into research
Talk about research by scientists from two prestigious universities. They titled the report “Neural Code for Arithmetic Processing in the Human Brain,” which describes an abstract “code” that exists inside our brains, used to solve addition problems. and subtraction.
This can be considered as a major breakthrough, when we still do not understand how the brain does math. Complicated calculations, hidden in each electrical signal jumping back and forth between synapses, no EEG device advanced enough to read even the simplest calculation.
The signal from the EEG machine, the image from the tomography machine does not express the brain’s mathematical equations. The nature of computation confuses the confusing signals produced by neuronal activity. The math happens at every single neuron, and when there are approximately 86 billion neurons flashing signals, it can be difficult to pin down exactly which lines of thought mean what.
Using a group of volunteers who had an epileptic chip implanted under the skull, the researchers isolated signals that represented the act of solving math problems. Results from nine eligible volunteers provide the first glimpse into how the brain performs mathematical calculations.
The following excerpt is taken from the research report:
We detect what kind of code […] showed that a static code occurs in the neuron-rich hippocampus that makes decisions, in contrast to the dynamic code present in the cortex near the hippocampus, which contains neurons that change the association of information. Basically, scientists see the difference that happens to the brain when performing two operations of addition and subtraction. The regions lit up differently, indicating that the computation was happening at the neuronal scale, while not confining the math to specific brain regions.
Here and there in the mid-temporal lobe (MLT)*, different brain regions perform different functions when performing calculations. Besides, the time when each brain area approaches the problem is also not the same.
*The temporal lobeis one of the four main lobes of the brain (green in the image below), responsible for processing signals involved in preserving visual memories, understanding language, and controlling emotions.
The remaining lobes include the frontal (blue), parietal (yellow) and occipital (red) lobes.
The medial temporal lobe (MLT), which includes the hippocampus, amygdala, and proximal hippocampus, plays an important role in processing spatial and short-term memory. The mechanism of action of this middle part includes information processing activities such as encoding, unifying and recalling memories.
In summary, the report shows that only in the mid-MLT region, the part of the brain that tries to analyze the problem, the area that finds the solution.
The researchers wrote:
Recordings of neuronal activity in humans and primates, in addition to computer simulations, show different cognitive functions of the two types of codes that exist in working memory*: whether dynamic codes Seems to satisfy the retention of information in memory, the intense thought manipulation used in data analysis from working memory would likely require static code.
Based on this inference, the cortex near the temporal lobes could stand to hold short-term memory of calculus, while the hippocampus ‘does math’, processing numbers according to suggested arithmetical laws. again.
*Working memory is a central concept in cognitive psychology, neuropsychology, and neuroscience.
Neuroscience uses this term to refer to the (hypothetical) concept of a cognitive system that guides reason and controls decision-making, and has a low temporary storage capacity.
Short-term memory, the opposite of long-term memory, is often used in tandem with working memory. However, some scholars have commented that there is a difference between them, as “working memory” allows manipulation of stored information, and short-term memory defines the ability to hold information temporarily.
Try to list what we have
We have learned that every mathematical process requires a static law – the solution is ingrained in long-term memory, in addition to a novel dynamic law. All of the above two rules are temporary, one is called from the store and the other is created, based on each mathematical aspect the brain is in need of recall.
At the beginning of the article, the number 86 billion appeared when referring to the number of neurons that light up in the brain. The simple math of 4+5 lurks somewhere in the signal forest. Obviously, the brain goes through a complex process of doing math that even a child can perfect.
The report said:
Mental math is a typical memory-working task, and despite the traditional belief that working memory is always linked to the prefrontal cortex, recent data suggest that the mid-temporal region MTL (MTL) is also important in performing memory tasks, and is part of the brain-wide network of working memory.
Either our brains have to work so hard to calculate, or they’re quantum computing systems that do what they’re best at: imagining the illusion of a meaningful answer.
The Art of Mathematics
Think of an apple. No, a whole apple is green. Do you count how many calculations it takes to get the size of the apple that exists in your head, and then edit it when the apple doesn’t satisfy all the requirements?
Whatever the shape of an apple, your brain has just created the illusion of an unreal apple.
We also apply the same computational process in training artificial intelligence, “machine brains” designed to produce original content, based on pre-established styles in memory.
Machine brains do not use high-level mathematics to take advantage of the human tendency to perceive art and images. They just follow a simple rule, combining data to produce finished products that satisfy the original requirements is to optimize efficiency.
The brain’s way of solving math problems is more or less similar. At least, the new research report confirms so. It will apply known rules to find the most meaningful results. One part of the brain finds (it thinks) the best solution based on immutable facts (like 1+1=2), while the other part uses intuition to verify whether the outcome is generated from the mind. Remember.
It is also why two individuals with similar intelligence and equal education can approach a math problem in two directions. Let’s take the example with the question below.
How many candies are in the jar?
Not enough information to find the right answer, but that fact doesn’t stop the brain from trying to find the answer.
What do all these brain-math calculations mean?
The process of explaining the conundrum is still going on right now. Science is just in time to rejoice when it comes to observing single neurons involved in the math process. It is possible that the calculation will last many more years, as researchers attempt to analyze the activity of individual neurons.
But the biggest question we have right now remains: is the human brain a quantum computer?
The statement seems to make sense, especially given the research in question describing the quantum computing activity that takes place in our brains. But with the available data, we can only monitor and process the information of a few hundred neurons at a time. This power is not enough to analyze tens of billions of neurons that produce signals together.
To speed up the computational process, the team created an artificial intelligence system that helps interpret the data in a concise way. The team hopes future results will better explain how the brain processes math.
The report concludes:
More carefully honed analysis, combined with shuffling methods, will help decipher the role of each brain region as well as the neuronal codes representing the numerical definitions in the head.
The results of the study have even greater implications. The scientists did not mention the rapid development of the chip implant technology, nor refer to the results from the perspective of quantum computing.
But if the newly published research is correct, and if you apply the philosophy that a simpler explanation is often correct, then the brain is a quantum computer. Either that, or the brain design isn’t optimized.
Just as our ancestors carved their own counting methods on tool handles, a binary brain would easily handle counting. Then why does the brain have to imagine many shams of a series of answers with the participation of countless neurons, when it is possible to use a single neuron as each 0 and 1 value like an ancient computer? dictionary?
Perhaps the answer lies in the quantum nature of the universe. When you perform a math operation, as simple as 1+1, your brain envisions all possible answers, while simultaneously rummaging through your memory (you’ve probably done this math before), and data processing (proceed to add 1 plus 1).
If our brains “run” the binary system, you would probably have to wait for your brain to perform a series of permutations, instead of imagining them all at once.
As a result, the answer is already in your head before you even realize you’re thinking about it, because the two activities happen at the same time. The cat lives and dies at the same time.
at Blogtuan.info – Source: genk.vn – Read the original article here
