The Russian Ministry of Health said that it has approved the spray Sputnik V vaccine, which is also the first spray vaccine in the world to be put into use.
The vaccine was developed by the Gamaleya Institute, under the Ministry of Health. Sputnik V spray has the same mechanism as the injectable version, contains two ingredients based on the adenovirus (harmless cold virus) vector to stimulate the immune system to react. Two doses of the vaccine are given three weeks apart.
Vaccine creates mucosal immunity, against nCoV formed in the upper respiratory tract. Specifically, the use of vaccines will create a humoral immune response, and at the same time a cellular immune response to nCoV infections, according to a press release of the Ministry of Health, April 2.
Currently the vaccine is used to prevent Covid-19 for people over 18 years old. Health Minister Mikhail Murashko previously said the nasal spray vaccine could be used as a booster dose.
In October 2021, the Ministry of Health approved the clinical trial of the vaccine in phase 2. “The trials have shown that the injectable Sputnik V is effective against the Omicron mutation. It is certainly effective in the nasal spray form.” Alexander Gintsburg, Director of the Gamaleya Institute, said.
Sputnik V vaccine at Del-Pest Central Hospital in Budapest, Hungary, February 2021. Photo: Reuters
The original version of Sputnik V consisted of two injections. The vaccine has not yet been approved by the World Health Organization (WHO) and the European Medicines Agency. According to the Gamаleya Institute, clinical trials have shown that Sputnik V is 80% effective 6 to 8 months after vaccination.
Russian President Vladimir Putin said he was using the spray vaccine as a booster six months after two standard doses because of the drop in antibody levels. He had no side effects or unusual symptoms.
Russia in November 2021 announced plans to export vaccines. Kirill Dmitriev, head of the Russian Direct Investment Fund (RDIF), said that the country will sell the spray Sputnik V to other countries next year.
Many countries have been researching and developing vaccines and nasal sprays to help prevent or treat Covid-19. This is considered an effective form when the nasal mucosa is identified as the main entry point for the virus.
Thuc Linh (According to Tass)
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