The remnants of Sunspot AR2987 exploded, triggering an Earth-bound eruption of material that could slightly affect the satellite.
Image of the sun on 11/4. Video: Belgian Royal Observatory
Sunspot explosion AR2987 on April 11 released a large amount of energy in the form of radiation, and also led to a coronal eruption (CME). Both of these phenomena can produce stronger auroras in Earth’s upper atmosphere. Material from the CME is likely to impact Earth on April 14.
Sunspots are dark areas on the Sun’s surface. They form due to strong magnetic currents inside the Sun, according to the Space Weather Prediction Center. They are only temporary and can last from a few hours to several months. The Sun’s convection disintegrates these spots, leaving behind regions of the surface that are calm and magnetically perturbed, according to Philip Judge, a solar physicist at the Center for Atmospheric Research Center’s High Altitude Observatory. National America (NCAR).
“Occasionally, sunspots can ‘reboot’, with more magnetism appearing after days or weeks in the same region, as if there is a weak spot in the convection or there is a unstable regions below the surface that generate a lot of magnetic fields,” Judge said.
Black spot AR2987 released a C-class solar flare on April 11. Such flares occur when the plasma and magnetic fields above the sunspot are pressurized and ejected. The reason is that they will encounter dense matter if launched downwards, deeper into the Sun.
Class C solar flares are common and rarely have a direct impact on Earth. Occasionally, solar flares can trigger CMEs – eruptions of plasma and magnetic fields from the Sun into space at millions of kilometers per hour. Class C Sunblinds rarely trigger CMEs, and if they do, CMEs are also often slow and weak. When the CME hits the magnetic field around the Earth, charged particles can interact with the atmosphere and create auroras.
The CME on April 11 could trigger a small geomagnetic storm on April 14, resulting in mild impacts on satellite and grid operations. Auroras can appear at lower latitudes than usual, as far south as in northern Michigan and Maine, USA.
All of these activities are relatively normal for the Sun today, according to the Solar Impact Data Analysis Center of the Royal Belgian Observatory. This is the time when the Sun increases its activity. The Sun is in the 25th Solar Cycle, which is the 25th cycle since official observations began in 1755. The number of sunspots in this cycle is increasing and is expected to peak in 2025. , which means a higher likelihood of solar storms and auroras.
Experts also observed other strong geomagnetic storms on April 10. But according to the Center for Analysis of Solar Impact Data, no other CMEs have headed towards Earth in the past 24 hours other than the CME from the remnant of sunspot AR2987.
Thu Thao (According to Live Science)
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