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Decoding two lines of US military vehicles supplied to Ukraine

Vehicle M113

The M113 is a dual-use amphibious crawler armored vehicle, mainly used to transport troops on the battlefield. Launched the first series in the late 1950s, up to now, the number of cars has been produced about 80,000 units. In addition to the US Army, the M113 is also equipped with the militaries of nearly 50 countries and regions around the world. This is a vehicle used by the US military during the Gulf War.

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Armored vehicle M113. Photo: Military Today

Vehicle M113 weighs 12.3 tons, 4.9m long, 2.7m wide, 2.5m high. The chain is 38.1cm wide and has 15.24cm wide gears, the right chain has 64 links, and the left chain has 63 links. The bottom of the chain is attached with removable rubber pads to increase traction and reduce noise. The life of the chain is about 4,900km and sometimes reaches 14,400km.

The vehicle can carry 11 soldiers. The driver sits on the left front of the vehicle, with an opening in the back. The captain sat in the center of the body, 10 soldiers sat facing the compartment on 2 benches. When not carrying soldiers, the benches can be folded, creating a space of about 6.54m3. At the end of the vehicle there is an integrated hydraulically operated hatch with a separate door, which is opened and closed by the driver.

The M113 can swim without any preparation other than lifting the front fender for stability, it swims thanks to the movement of the chain. M113 can be transported by aircraft C-5, C-17, C-130, C-141 and can be airdropped.

The vehicle is equipped with a 12.7mm machine gun with an effective range of 1,800m and two 7.62mm machine guns that can be fired to the side. M113 is like a mobile bunker, soldiers in the vehicle can fight directly instead of hiding and waiting for the specified place to get off the vehicle to fight.

Since its inception, the M113 has been improved and developed into many different variants. The M113A1 vehicle, fitted with a GM6V53T diesel engine, has a capacity of 215 horsepower, improving self-defense capabilities and achieving the largest journey. M113A2, the body is a 5083 aluminum alloy welded structure, the front armor is 38mm thick, can withstand 14.5mm bullets, the side armor is 12-38mm thick, the rear armor is 12mm thick, with Can withstand 7.62mm gun bullets.

The vehicle M113A3, with P-900 armor, inside the body is Kevlar bulletproof armor, using a 6V53T diesel engine with 275 horsepower and an automatic transmission X-200-4.

HMMWV

In the context of the need for a multi-purpose transport vehicle to replace the obsolete Jeep, in 1980 American Motors General released the first model M998 “multi-purpose vehicle with high mobility”. , referred to as HMMWV.

HMMWV is a multi-functional light tactical transport vehicle such as patrol, reconnaissance, combat, light raid, ambulance, command vehicle and light transport.

A standard HMMWV has a length of 4.57m, a width of 2.16m, a weight of nearly 2,400kg, a 150-horsepower V8 diesel engine with a towing capacity of 3,000kg and a capacity of 1,200-2,200kg depending on the version, fuel capacity. 95 liters of fuel, a range of about 560km.

The HMMWV vehicle currently has 17 variants in service with the US military, depending on the version that is equipped with different types of weapons, such as 7.62mm and 12.7mm guns, grenade launchers, anti-tank rockets and rocket launchers. even anti-aircraft missiles.

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The HMMWV variant is armed with missiles. Photo: Military Today

During development, the HMMWV was changed from a non-armored tactical wheeled vehicle to an armored vehicle, in which, the most common are 2- and 4-door cargo/person vehicles, crates, weapons vehicles, command and control vehicle… with versions M1025A1, M1043, M1043A1, M1044, M1044A1, M1151A1…

Since the “Free Iraq” campaign, most new HMMWV models have been fitted with integrated protective armor (armor A). When participating in combat, these vehicles are fitted with B armor to complete the defense block. For example, the M1151A1 vehicle is fitted with FK5 armor with anti-light weapons and gunner protection systems, seat belts, interphone and fire suppression system.

When installing this armor, the weight of the vehicle increases by 450kg and significantly increases the thickness of the vehicle to the point that a mechanical means of support is required to open and close the doors, and at the same time, the space in the vehicle is also limited.

In addition, these models are fitted with the Optimizer 6500 compression turbodiesel diesel engine, which has been redesigned for a 36% increase in power, a 69% increase in torque and a 16% increase in range compared to the old vehicle.

Although the US military has a plan for the “retirement” of the HMMWV, because there are no replacements for the traditional HMMWV, this model will still be in service for at least another 5 years.

In addition to the “original” American car line present in about 60 countries and territories, HMMWV also has similar models built and used in the militaries of some countries such as Russia (GAZ-2975 Tiger), China Country (Dong Phong car), India (LSV), Japan (Koukidousya), Switzerland (MOWAG Eagle)…

Nguyen Phong

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